The indoor air quality of a fully enclosed office can be improved by using an energy recovery ventilator (ERV) and a voltage adsorption dust collection device (VADCD). The effects of the indoor pollutant location and equipment setup on pollutants are analyzed by recording and observing the changes in indoor pollutant concentration, and by simulation using a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) approach. The experimental and simulation analysis results show that the CO2 concentration increases with the number of people indoors. The diffusion of CO2 can be gradually removed if an ERV is installed in an indoor room to recycle fresh air. Pollutants in the form of PM2.5/PM10 (particulate matter: PM) suspended particles also enter the room as another pollution source when the ERV introduces external air into the room convection. At the same time, a VADCD can be installed in the room to absorb the indoor PM2.5/PM10 suspended particles and reduce their concentration to meet the standard specifications. The ERV and VADCD work together to improve the indoor air quality of fully enclosed offices and enhance the physical and mental health of office users.